ABSTRACT
Background The objective of this study was to investigate proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) mRNA and protein expression in fat tails of Tan sheep. Rams from different developmental stages (aged 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months) were selected, and their tail measurements including length (L), width (W) and girth (G) were recorded. The mRNA and protein expressions of PPARγ, FAS and HSL were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot. Results The tail measurements increased with age. We observed no significant differences (P > 0.05) of PPARγ mRNA expression between ages 9 and 15 months, and between 12 and 15 months; FAS mRNA expression levels at each developmental stage were observed significantly in Tan sheep (P < 0.05); HSL mRNA expression with no significant differences were only observed between 6 and 15 months (P > 0.05). Significant differences (P < 0.05) of PPARγ, FAS and HSL protein expressions at each developmental stage were observed in Tan sheep. Conclusion We observed that the mRNA expression patterns of PPARγ and FAS decreased first before they increased again and then this process repeated. Conversely, the mRNA expression patterns of HSL increased first before they decreased and then this process repeated. The protein expression patterns of PPARγ and FAS decreased first before they increased again and then this process repeated. Conversely, the protein expression pattern of HSL increased first before it decreased again and then increased again.
Subject(s)
Animals , Sheep/growth & development , Sheep/genetics , Proteins/metabolism , Sterol Esterase/metabolism , PPAR gamma/metabolism , Fatty Acid Synthases/metabolism , Transcription Factors , RNA, Messenger , Blotting, Western , Sterol Esterase/genetics , PPAR gamma/genetics , Fatty Acid Synthases/genetics , Real-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
The integrator complex is multifunctional and contains at least 12 evolutionarily conserved subunits in hu-mans.It interacts with the C-terminal tail of the largest subunit of RNA-polymeraseⅡ ( RNAPⅡ) to promote 3′-end pro-cessing of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) U1/U2.It also interacts with RNAPⅡ, NELF and Spt5 to regulate NELF-mediated RNAPⅡpause/release and processivity at coding genes .Recently, the integrator complex is also reported to be involved in DNA damage response , dynein recruitment to the nuclear envelope , integrity of Cajal bodies , adipose differentiation , hem-atopoiesis , ciliogenesis , tumorigenesis and generation of viral microRNAs .This review discusses related research progress in the integrator complex .
ABSTRACT
To identify the best inducing condition, we studied the expression of membrane protein HSP70 and mRNA of H22 cell at various temperature. Using MTT,RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and FCM techniques, we observed H22 cell survival rate, the expression of HSP70 mRNA and membrane HSP70. No effects of H22 cell survival rate under 42 ~ 43℃ was observed, but cell survival rate declined with increasing stress time at 44 ~ 45 ℃; the level of HSP70 mRNA decreased initially (0.5~4.0) hours but gradually resumed and increased from 8 to 12 hours at 42℃. Membrane HSP70 expressing cells were significently higher in heat shock treatment group than in a control group ( P